====== Information ======

  * openSUSE
  * Tumbleweed
  * Server

  * Alira = Dell Precision M6500 ((Legacy/MBR))

====== Download ======

  * http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso
  * https://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso.sha256

  http://download.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/iso/openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Current.iso

  openSUSE-Tumbleweed-DVD-x86_64-Snapshot20260529-Media.iso

====== Installation Notes ======

===== Partitioning =====

  - ext2 ''/''
  - No separate ''/home''
  - Separate ''swap'' without suspend resize

<code>
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0     8M  0 part 
├─sda2   8:2    0 463.8G  0 part /
└─sda3   8:3    0     2G  0 part [SWAP]</code>

===== Boot Loader =====

  * GRUB2

====== Software ======

===== Disable USB Source =====

****

  sudo zypper modifyrepo --disable --medium-type 'hd'

===== Update =====

==== System ====

****

  sudo zypper clean --all && sudo zypper refresh --force --services && sudo zypper dist-upgrade --details --allow-downgrade --allow-name-change --allow-arch-change --allow-vendor-change && sync

===== GNU nano =====

  * Installs ''nano''
  * Sets ''VISUAL'' and ''EDITOR'' to ''nano'' via environment variable
  * Sets ''nowrap'' for current user

  sudo zypper install 'nano' && export 'VISUAL=nano' && export 'EDITOR=nano' && echo -e 'export VISUAL=nano\nexport EDITOR=nano' | sudo tee '/etc/profile.d/editor-nano.sh' > '/dev/null' && cat '/etc/profile.d/editor-nano.sh' && mkdir -p ~/'.config/nano' && echo 'set nowrap' | tee ~/'.config/nano/nanorc' > '/dev/null' && cat ~/'.config/nano/nanorc'

===== Remove =====

  sudo zypper remove --clean-deps 'irqbalance'

  sudo zypper addlock 'irqbalance'

===== General =====

****

  sudo zypper install aria2 fastfetch htop 7zip sensors unar 

===== CPU microcode =====

****

  ucode-intel

===== Specs =====

  clear && fastfetch -l 'small' && uname -a && date

  ssh '192.168.1.152' -t 'clear && fastfetch -l 'small' && uname -a && date'

====== Settings ======

===== Time =====

****

  timedatectl set-timezone 'America/New_York' && sudo timedatectl 'set-ntp' 'true' && sudo hwclock --systohc && timedatectl status

===== Laptop Server =====

  * This tells ''systemd'' to ignore Lid close events and prevents system suspend

  sudo mkdir -p '/etc/systemd/logind.conf.d' && echo -e "[Login]\nHandleLidSwitch=ignore" | sudo tee '/etc/systemd/logind.conf.d/99-laptop-server.conf' > '/dev/null'

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/logind.conf.d/99-laptop-server.conf'

===== Network =====

==== DNS ====

  * [[servers:upstream_dns_servers|More DNS Servers]]

<code>nmcli con show</code>

<code>sudo nmcli connection modify 'Wired connection 1' 'ipv4.dns' '192.168.1.1,1.1.1.2,1.0.0.2'</code>

<code>sudo nmcli connection modify 'Wired connection 1' 'ipv6.dns' '2606:4700:4700::1112,2606:4700:4700::1002'</code>

<code>sudo nmcli connection modify 'Wired connection 1' 'ipv4.address' '192.168.1.152/24'</code>

<code>sudo nmcli connection modify 'Wired connection 1' 'ipv4.gateway' '192.168.1.1'</code>

<code>sudo nmcli connection modify 'Wired connection 1' 'ipv4.method' 'manual'</code>

<code>sudo nmcli connection up 'Wired connection 1'</code>

==== Firewalld ====

  * [[linux:notes:firewalld|Notes]]

  sudo firewall-cmd --get-active-zones

  sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone='docker' --remove-interface='docker0'

  sudo systemctl restart 'firewalld'

===== lm_sensors =====

  sudo sensors-detect --auto

  sudo -e '/etc/sysconfig/lm_sensors'

====== Boot Loader ======

****

  sudo yast2 'bootloader'

===== Boot Code Options =====

  * Boot Loader: ''GRUB2''

  * ''[ ]'' Write to Partition (/dev/sda2)
  * ''[x]'' Write to Master Boot Record (/dev/sda)
  * ''[ ]'' Custom Boot Partition

  * ''[x]'' Set active Flag in Partition Table for Boot Partition
  * ''[ ]'' Write generic Boot Code to MBR

  * Protective MBR flag: ''do not change''

===== Kernel Parameters =====

  * :?: ''Graphical console'' might randomly freeze before boot at some stage between BIOS -> GRUB

  * CPU Mitigations: ''Auto''
  * ''[ ]'' Graphical console
  * ''[ ]'' Serial console

==== Alira ====

  * [[linux:notes:kernel_parameters|More Kernel Parameters]]
  * Last updated: 2026/05/31

  quiet bgrt_disable security='' acpi_osi='Linux' reboot='pci' hibernate='no' idle='halt' nohz='off' preempt='lazy' iommu='pt' memory_corruption_check='0' init_on_alloc='0' init_on_free='0' drm_kms_helper.poll='0' drm_kms_helper.fbdev_emulation='0' hostname='localhost'

===== Bootloader Options ===== 

  * Timeout in Seconds: ''1''
  * ''[ ]'' Probe Foreign OS
  * ''[ ]'' Hide Menu on Boot
  * Default Boot Section: ''openSUSE Tumbleweed''
  * ''[ ]'' Protect Boot Loader with Password

====== Drive Maintenance ======

===== Trim =====

  sudo systemctl enable 'fstrim.timer' --now

  sudo systemctl start 'fstrim' && sync && sudo systemctl status 'fstrim' -l

  sudo fstrim -v -a

===== ext2 =====

  * :!: From LiveUSB/unmounted

  sudo e2fsck -D -E 'discard,optimize_extents,inode_count_fullmap' -f -v -y '/dev/sda2'

==== Recovery Boot ====

  * Single-user mode
  * ''(recovery mode)'' boot option

  sudo -e '/ext2.sh' && sudo chmod +x '/ext2.sh'

<code>
#!/bin/bash

umount '/'
e2fsck -D -E 'discard,optimize_extents,inode_count_fullmap' -f -v -y '/dev/sda2'
sync
sleep '3'
'/ext4.sh'
reboot

# End</code>

  /ext2.sh

  sudo -e '/ext4.sh' && sudo chmod +x '/ext4.sh'

<code>
#!/bin/bash

umount '/dev/sdb'*
e2fsck -D -E 'optimize_extents,inode_count_fullmap' -f -v -y '/dev/sdb'
sync
sleep '3'

# End</code>

===== ext4 NAS =====

  * [[linux:notes:ext4|Notes]]
  * TODO: Maintenance service

  sudo e4defrag -v '/dev/sdb'

====== Tweaks ======

===== General =====

****

  echo "export LD_BIND_NOW='1'" | sudo tee '/etc/profile.d/general-tweaks.sh' > '/dev/null'

===== modprobe.d =====

  * [[linux;notes;modprobe.d_tweaks#alira|Notes]]

===== Dracut =====

  sudo -e '/etc/dracut.conf.d/99-tweaks.conf'

<code>
compress="cat"
do_strip="yes"
aggressive_strip="yes"
hostonly="yes"
hostonly_mode="strict"
reproducible="no"
enhanced_cpio="no"
i18n_install_all="no"
kernel_cmdline="rd.luks=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.md=0 rd.dm=0"

# End</code>

  sudo dracut --force --regenerate-all

===== journald =====

  sudo mkdir -p '/etc/systemd/journald.conf.d' && sudo -e '/etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/99-tweaks.conf'

<code>
[Journal]
Storage=none
Compress=false
MaxLevelStore=0
MaxLevelSyslog=0
MaxLevelKMsg=0
MaxLevelConsole=0
MaxLevelWall=0

# End</code>

  sudo journalctl --vacuum-time='1s' --rotate

===== fstab =====

****

  sudo -e '/etc/fstab'

==== swap ====

****

  ,discard=once

==== ext2 ====

  * ''/ type ext2''

  ,noatime

====== Automatic Updates ======

===== Service =====

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/suse-up.service'

<code>
[Service]
Type=oneshot

ExecStartPre='/usr/bin/zypper' clean --all

ExecStart='/usr/bin/zypper' --non-interactive refresh --force --services
ExecStart='/usr/bin/zypper' --non-interactive dist-upgrade --auto-agree-with-licenses --allow-downgrade --allow-name-change --allow-arch-change --allow-vendor-change

ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/systemctl' reboot

# End</code>

===== Timer =====

  * ''06:00'' Alira

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/suse-up.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'suse-up.timer' --now

<code>
[Unit]
Description=openSUSE OS Updater
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 06:00:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

# End</code>

  sudo systemctl start 'suse-up'

====== Notable Folders and Commands ======

  * See [[linux:notes:misc]]