====== Information ======

  * Ubuntu
  * https://ubuntu.com/desktop

  * Spinesnap = Dell Latitude 5591 ((i5-8400H, UHD 630, AX210, UEFI; no Thunderbolt, no dGPU))
  * 2025/12/17: [[https://linux-hardware.org/?probe=8389fee272|hw-probe]]

  25.10 (Questing Quokka)

====== Download ======

  * https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop
  * https://releases.ubuntu.com/

  ubuntu-25.10-desktop-amd64.iso

====== Installation Notes ======

===== Partitioning =====

  - Whole disk
  - No LVM, no encryption

<code>
nvme0n1     259:0    0 953.9G  0 disk 
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0     1G  0 part /boot/efi
└─nvme0n1p2 259:2    0 952.8G  0 part /</code>

  /dev/nvme0n1p2 on / type ext4

  /dev/nvme0n1p1 on /boot/efi type vfat

====== Repositories ======

===== WineHQ =====

  * https://www.winehq.org/
  * https://gitlab.winehq.org/wine/wine/-/wikis/Debian-Ubuntu

==== Key ====

****

  wget -O '/tmp/winehq.key' 'https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key' && gpg --dearmor --output '/tmp/winehq-archive.key' '/tmp/winehq.key' && chmod -f '0644' '/tmp/winehq-archive.key' && sudo mv -fv '/tmp/winehq-archive.key' '/etc/apt/keyrings/winehq-archive.key' && sudo chown -f 'root':'root' '/etc/apt/keyrings/winehq-archive.key'

==== Repo ====

  * https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/dists/
  * 2025/12/15: ''questing''

  wget -O '/tmp/winehq.sources' 'https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/dists/questing/winehq-questing.sources' && chmod -f '0644' '/tmp/winehq.sources' && sudo mv '/tmp/winehq.sources' '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.sources' && sudo chown -f 'root':'root' '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.sources'

=== i386 Fix ===

  * 2025/12/15: Removes ''i386'' repo and fixes ''apt update'' notice

  cat '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.sources' | grep 'Architectures: amd64 i386' > '/dev/null' && sudo sed -i 's/'i386'/''/g' '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.sources'

  sudo -e '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.sources'

====== Software ======

===== Update =====

==== System ====

****

  sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y && sudo apt autoremove -y && sudo apt clean && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sync

==== Snaps ====

****

  sudo snap refresh && sync

==== Firmware ====

****

  sudo fwupdmgr refresh --force && sudo fwupdmgr update --verbose && sync

===== General =====

****

  sudo apt install --install-recommends file-roller filezilla foliate gimp gnome-shell-extension-manager keepassxc-minimal libreoffice obs-studio thunderbird transmission-gtk vlc 7zip adb fastboot aria2 htop libsecret-tools lm-sensors mesa-utils unar yt-dlp 

===== Games =====

****

  neverball doomsday

==== AppImage ====

  * [[https://www.flightgear.org/download/|FlightGear]]
  * [[https://github.com/ppy/osu/releases|osu!]]
  * [[https://github.com/diasurgical/DevilutionX/releases|DevilutionX]]

  libfuse2t64

===== Wine =====

  * TODO: See if ''winetricks'' is needed
  * :?: ''winbind'' fixed //something//

  winehq-staging icoutils

===== Intel =====

  * [[https://github.com/intel/media-driver?tab=readme-ov-file#components-and-features|https://github.com/intel/media-driver?tab=readme-ov-file#components-and-features]]

  intel-gpu-tools intel-media-va-driver-non-free

==== intel_gpu_top ====

****

  sudo intel_gpu_top -s '500' -p -m

===== Tor Browser =====

****

  torbrowser-launcher

====== Settings ======

===== Printer =====

  * http://localhost:631/admin
  * Log-in as regular user (not ''root'')

  * Internet Printing Protocol (ipp) -> HP -> IPP Everywhere ™
  * Color Mode: Device Gray
  * 2-Sided Printing: Long-Edge (Portrait)

  ipp://192.168.1.164/ipp/print

===== Network =====

==== DNS ====

  * [[servers:upstream_dns_servers|More DNS Servers]]

<code>9.9.9.9,149.112.112.112</code>

<code>2620:fe::fe,2620:fe::9</code>

===== Kernel Options =====

==== Magic SysRq key ====

  * https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/sysrq.html
  * Allows ''REISUB''

  * ''kernel.sysrq = 1''

  echo 'kernel.sysrq = 1' | sudo tee '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysrq.conf' > '/dev/null' && cat '/etc/sysctl.d/99-sysrq.conf'

  sysctl 'kernel.sysrq'

==== Swappiness ====

  * ''vm.swappiness = 0''

  echo 'vm.swappiness = 0' | sudo tee '/etc/sysctl.d/99-swappiness.conf' > '/dev/null' && cat '/etc/sysctl.d/99-swappiness.conf'

  sysctl 'vm.swappiness'

===== GNOME =====

==== External Monitor Settings ====

  * Full RGB + 12-bit color
  * Also applies disabled monitors at log-in (docked laptop)
  * [[linux:notes:gnome_hdmi_full_rgb|Notes]]

  * Between ''</mode>'' and ''</monitor>''

  nano ~/'.config/monitors.xml' && sudo cp -fv ~/'.config/monitors.xml' '/etc/xdg/monitors.xml'

<code>
        <rgbrange>full</rgbrange>
        <maxbpc>12</maxbpc>
</code>

==== Extensions ====

  * https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/545/hide-top-bar/
  * https://extensions.gnome.org/extension/8008/disable-unredirect/

=== Disable ===

****

  gnome-extensions disable 'tiling-assistant@ubuntu.com'

==== gsettings ====

  * [[linux;notes;gsettings|More gsettings]]

  gsettings reset 'org.gnome.shell' 'app-picker-layout' && gsettings reset 'org.gnome.mutter' 'experimental-features' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' 'clock-format' '12h' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' 'accent-color' 'orange' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' 'enable-animations' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' 'clock-show-date' 'true' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' 'clock-show-weekday' 'true' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.screen-time-limits' 'history-enabled' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences' 'focus-mode' 'click' && gsettings set 'org.gtk.gtk4.Settings.FileChooser' 'sort-directories-first' 'true' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.nautilus.preferences' 'date-time-format' 'detailed' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.mouse' 'accel-profile' 'flat' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad' 'natural-scroll' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad' 'tap-to-click' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad' 'tap-and-drag' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad' 'disable-while-typing' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.touchpad' 'click-method' 'areas' && gsettings set 'org.freedesktop.Tracker3.Miner.Files' 'enable-monitors' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.freedesktop.Tracker3.Miner.Files' 'crawling-interval' '-2' && gsettings set 'org.freedesktop.Tracker3.Miner.Files' 'index-on-battery' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.freedesktop.Tracker3.Miner.Files' 'index-on-battery-first-time' 'false' && gsettings reset 'org.gnome.Settings' 'last-panel'

==== Keyboard Shortcuts ====

  * [[#add_database_password_to_gnome_keyring|KeePassXC]]
  * [[#updater|Updater]]

  '/usr/bin/bash' -c "'/usr/bin/secret-tool' lookup 'keepass' 'default' | '/usr/bin/keepassxc' --pw-stdin ~/'Documents/keepass.kdbx'"

<code>'/usr/bin/bash' -c "'/usr/bin/ptyxis' --standalone --title='Ubuntu Updater' -- ~/'.local/scripts/ubuntu-updater.sh'"</code>

=== Keys ===

  * Listed respectively to above

  * Ctrl + Alt + Z
  * F6

===== Firefox =====

  * See [[programs;firefox|Firefox]]
  * Also for Thunderbird

==== Reset Profile ====

****

  rm -Rf ~/'snap/firefox/common/.mozilla' ~/'snap/firefox/common/.cache'

===== Ptyxis =====

  * ''0.95'' Transparency

  gsettings set 'org.gnome.Ptyxis' 'enable-a11y' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.Ptyxis' 'restore-session' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.Ptyxis' 'restore-window-size' 'false' && gsettings set 'org.gnome.Ptyxis.Profile:/org/gnome/Ptyxis/Profiles/'$PTYXIS_PROFILE'/' 'opacity' '0.95'

===== KeePassXC =====

==== Settings ====

  * General -> [ ] Load previous databases on startup
  * Security -> [x] Use DuckDuckGo service to download website icons

==== Add Database Password to GNOME Keyring ====

  * [[#keyboard_shortcuts|Keyboard shortcut]]

  '/usr/bin/secret-tool' store --label='KeePass' 'keepass' 'default'

===== Laptop Power =====

  * [[linux:notes:x86_energy_perf_policy|x86_energy_perf_policy udev Rule]]

===== lm_sensors =====

****

  sudo sensors-detect --auto

===== Time =====

****

  timedatectl 'set-ntp' 'true' && timedatectl status

===== Uncomplicated Firewall =====

  * See [[linux:notes:ufw_uncomplicated_firewall|ufw]] for more notes

  sudo ufw reset && sudo ufw default deny && sudo ufw logging off && sudo ufw enable && sudo systemctl enable 'ufw'

  sudo ufw status

====== Boot Loader ======

  * [[linux:notes:kernel_parameters|More Kernel Parameters]]

===== Spinesnap =====

==== modprobe.d ====

  * [[linux;notes;modprobe.d_tweaks#spinesnap|Notes]]

==== GRUB ====

  * ''GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX='' (not default)

  sudo -e '/etc/default/grub' && sudo update-grub

<code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"</code>

<code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="x"</code>

<code>acpi_osi='!' acpi_osi='Windows 2013' idle='halt' reboot='pci' hibernate='no' nohz='off' preempt='full' iommu='pt' pci='pcie_bus_perf,realloc,pcie_scan_all,big_root_window' drm_kms_helper.poll='0' drm_kms_helper.fbdev_emulation='0' rootflags='data=writeback' workqueue.default_affinity_scope='smt'</code>

==== Fan Speed ====

****

  cat '/sys/firmware/acpi/platform_profile' && echo 'performance' | sudo tee '/sys/firmware/acpi/platform_profile' > '/dev/null' && cat '/sys/firmware/acpi/platform_profile'

==== systemd-analyze ====

  * 2025/12/17

<code>
Startup finished in 5.373s (firmware) + 1.351s (loader) + 601ms (kernel) + 1.381s (initrd) + 8.580s (userspace) = 17.288s 
graphical.target reached after 8.579s in userspace.</code>

  systemd-analyze

==== lsinitrd ====

  * 2025/12/17

  Image: /boot/initrd.img-6.17.0-8-generic: 43M

  lsinitrd

===== EFI Fix =====

  sudo efibootmgr

  sudo efibootmgr --delete-bootnum --bootnum '0000'

  sudo efibootmgr --create --disk '/dev/nvme0n1p1' --gpt --loader '\EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efi' --label 'Ubuntu' --timeout '0'

====== Drive Maintenance ======

===== Trim =====

  sudo systemctl enable 'fstrim.timer' --now

  sudo systemctl start 'fstrim' && sync && sudo systemctl status 'fstrim' -l

  sudo fstrim -v -a

===== EFI =====

  * ''nvme0n1p1'' type ''vfat''

  sudo umount '/boot/efi' && sudo dosfsck -a -t -w -v '/dev/nvme0n1p1' && sudo mount '/boot/efi'

====== Tweaks ======

===== General =====

  sudo -e '/etc/profile.d/general-tweaks.sh'

<code>
# GTK
export GSK_RENDERER='cairo'

# GNOME
#export CLUTTER_PAINT='disable-dynamic-max-render-time'

# Intel
export force_guc_low_latency='true'
export allow_compressed_fallback='true'

# Mesa
export MESA_NO_ERROR='1'
export mesa_glthread='false'
export MESA_DISK_CACHE_DATABASE='0'
export MESA_DISK_CACHE_SINGLE_FILE='0'

# Test
export allow_higher_compat_version='true'
export vk_xwayland_wait_ready='false'
export vk_x11_ignore_suboptimal='true'
export vk_wsi_force_bgra8_unorm_first='true'
export block_on_depleted_buffers='true'
export disable_throttling='true'
export force_integer_tex_nearest='true'

# End</code>

===== Dracut =====

  sudo -e '/etc/dracut.conf.d/99-tweaks.conf'

<code>
# Compression
compress="cat"

# Strip
do_strip="yes"
aggressive_strip="yes"
hostonly="yes"
hostonly_mode="strict"

early_microcode="no"
kernel_cmdline="rd.luks=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.md=0 rd.dm=0"
omit_dracutmodules+=" i18n plymouth "

# End</code>

  sudo dracut --force --regenerate-all

===== fstab =====

****

  sudo -e '/etc/fstab'

==== ext4 ====

  * ''/ type ext4''
  * :!: ''data=writeback'' requires it in GRUB too

  ,data=writeback,nobarrier

==== EFI ====

  * ''/boot/efi type vfat''

  ,discard

===== Wine =====

  * [[linux;notes;wine|Notes]]

  sudo -e '/etc/profile.d/wine-tweaks.sh'

<code>
# Staging
export STAGING_SHARED_MEMORY='1'
export STAGING_WRITECOPY='1'
export WINE_LARGE_ADDRESS_AWARE='1'

# Logging
export WINEDEBUG='-all'
export VKD3D_DEBUG='none'
export VKD3D_SHADER_DEBUG='none'
export DXVK_LOG_LEVEL='none'

# End</code>

====== Scripts ======

===== Updater =====

  * [[#keyboard_shortcuts|Keyboard shortcut]]
  * :!: TODO

  mkdir -p ~/'.local/scripts' && nano ~/'.local/scripts/ubuntu-updater.sh' && chmod +x ~/'.local/scripts/ubuntu-updater.sh'

<code>
#!/bin/bash

sudo '/usr/bin/zypper' clean --all
sudo '/usr/bin/zypper' refresh --force --services
sudo '/usr/bin/zypper' dist-upgrade --details --allow-downgrade --allow-name-change --allow-arch-change --allow-vendor-change

sudo rm -Rf ~/'.cache/mesa_shader_cache' ~/'.cache/thumbnails'
sudo rm -Rf ~/'.cache/mozilla' ~/'.cache/thunderbird'
localsearch reset --filesystem

sync
zypper ps --short
echo 'Done.'

gnome-terminal -- bash -c "sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y && sudo apt clean && sudo apt autoremove -y && sudo snap refresh && tracker3 reset --filesystem --rss && rm -Rf ~/'.cache/mesa_shader_cache'*'/'* && sudo fstrim --all --verbose && sync && sleep '5'"

sudo journalctl --vacuum-time='1s' --rotate

# End</code>

  ~/'.local/scripts/opensuse-updater.sh'

====== Notable Folders and Commands ======

  * See [[linux;notes;misc]]