====== Information ======

  * Quick-commands to wipe drives and clear EFI variables
  * Notably performs full-drive TRIMs for SSDs ([[https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Solid_state_drive/Memory_cell_clearing|ArchWiki]])
  * Useful to perform before OS installations

  * Ideally use [[linux;distros;opensuse_tumbleweed_gnome#gnome_live|openSUSE Tumbleweed's latest GNOME Live image]] on USB due to it having up-to-date tools, a GUI, and USB data persistence ((can copy a command into Terminal and run it on one machine, boot the drive on another machine, and use Terminal history to re-run the command; it's quite convenient :p))
  * TODO: Leap GNOME: https://download.opensuse.org/download/distribution/openSUSE-stable/live/openSUSE-Leap-15.6-GNOME-Live-x86_64-Media.iso

====== Notes ======

  * [[linux:notes:ufs_freebsd_mount|FreeBSD UFS mount]] (from Linux LiveUSB)
  * [[linux:notes:disk_gpt_format|Disk Format (GPT)]]
  * [[linux:notes:rsync_nas|Drive-to-drive rsync]]

====== Tools ======

<code>sudo zypper install 'nvme-cli' -y && sync</code>

<code>sudo dnf install nvme-cli hdparm -y && sync</code>

<code>sudo apt install 'nvme-cli' -y && sync</code>

===== Dell Fan Speed =====

  * 2024/10: Seemingly broken in new-ish/6.11+ kernels but works fine from 6.6(?) in oS Leap 15.6

  sudo smbios-thermal-ctl --set-thermal-mode='performance'

====== Suspend/Wake ======

  * Some motherboard firmware lock/freeze drives, and prevents some wipe commands from working
  * Unlocking drives can be done with a suspend and wake
  * :!: This applies to both SATA and NVMe drives

<code>sync && systemctl suspend</code>

====== lsblk ======

  * :!: **Always** check before running anything
  * :!: Assume nothing; all commands below are **immediately destructive** on the block device they're ran on

<code>lsblk</code>

====== EFI Variables ======

****

<code>sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync && sudo efibootmgr -v</code>

====== Drive Wipe ======

===== NVMe =====

==== Check LBA Formats ====

  * Switching is done with ''nvme format --lbaf=1''

<code>sudo nvme id-ns '/dev/nvme0' --namespace-id='1' --human-readable</code>

<code>sudo smartctl --all '/dev/nvme0'</code>

==== nvme0 ====

  * This is using LBA Format ''0''
  * Last tested: ''Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller PM9A1/PM9A3/980PRO'' (only 1 LBA Format at ''512'')

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme0n1' && sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme0' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='0' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

=== Individual ===

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme0n1'</code>

<code>sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme0' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='0' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0'</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/nvme0n1'</code>

<code>sudo dd if='/dev/zero' of='/dev/nvme0n1' count='1024'</code>

===== sda/b/c =====

==== LBA Formats ====

=== Check ===

****

<code>sudo smartctl --all '/dev/sda'</code>

=== Switch ===

****

<code>sudo hdparm --set-sector-size '4096' '/dev/sda'</code>

==== sda ====

****

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

=== Individual ===

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sda'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sda'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sda'</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/sda'</code>

<code>sudo dd if='/dev/zero' of='/dev/sda' count='1024'</code>

==== sdb ====

****

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

=== Individual ===

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdb'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdb'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdb'</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/sdb'</code>

<code>sudo dd if='/dev/zero' of='/dev/sdb' count='1024'</code>

==== sdc ====

****

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

=== Individual ===

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdc'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdc'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdc'</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/sdc'</code>

<code>sudo dd if='/dev/zero' of='/dev/sdc' count='1024'</code>

====== Sector Size Notes ======

===== 4K Sectors =====

  * https://steamcommunity.com/discussions/forum/1/4739473745776804012/?tscn=1641033020#c3203747342915419588
  * https://steamcommunity.com/discussions/forum/1/3203745634155479256

  * :!: Steam and Oculus were **known** to be broken with 4K sector size on Windows 11
  * Steam and Oculus worked fine with 4K sector size on Windows 10 LTSC 2021 and Linux
  * iTunes possibly fails with 4K sectors due to Bonjour and dnssd.dll ([[https://www.techpowerup.com/forums/threads/setting-4k-sector-size-on-nvme-ssds-does-performance-actually-change.289757/page-3#post-4981622|post]])

===== Sector Size =====

  * https://community.wd.com/t/sn550-why-it-uses-512b-sector-instead-of-4096/250724
  * https://filers.blogspot.com/2018/12/how-to-format-nvme-drive.html
  * https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Advanced_Format
  * https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/562571/switching-hdd-sector-size-to-4096-bytes
  * https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Advanced_Sector_Format_of_Block_Devices