====== Information ======

  * Quick-commands to wipe drives and clear EFI variables
  * Notably performs full-drive TRIMs for SSDs ([[https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Solid_state_drive/Memory_cell_clearing|ArchWiki]])
  * Useful to perform before OS installations

  * Ideally use [[distros:opensuse_tumbleweed_gnome#xfce|openSUSE Tumbleweed's latest XFCE image]] on LiveUSB due to it having up-to-date tools, a GUI, and USB data persistence ((can copy a command into Terminal and run it on one machine, boot the drive on another machine, and use Terminal history to re-run the command; it's quite convenient :p))

====== Tools ======

<code>sudo zypper install 'nvme-cli' -y && sync</code>

<code>sudo apt install 'nvme-cli' -y && sync</code>

<code>sudo dnf install nvme-cli hdparm -y && sync</code>

====== Suspend/Wake ======

  * Some motherboard firmware lock/freeze drives, and prevents some wipe commands from working
  * Unlocking drives can be done with a suspend and wake
  * :!: This applies to both SATA and NVMe drives

<code>sync && systemctl suspend</code>

====== lsblk ======

  * :!: **Always** check before running anything
  * :!: Assume nothing; all commands below are **immediately destructive** on the block device they're ran on

<code>lsblk</code>

====== EFI Variables ======

****

<code>sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync && sudo efibootmgr -v</code>

====== Drive Wipe ======

===== Notes =====

==== 4K Sectors ====

  * https://steamcommunity.com/discussions/forum/1/4739473745776804012/?tscn=1641033020#c3203747342915419588
  * https://steamcommunity.com/discussions/forum/1/3203745634155479256

  * :!: Steam and Oculus were **known** to be broken with 4K sector size on Windows 11
  * Steam and Oculus work fine with 4K sector size on Windows 10 LTSC 2021 and Linux
  * iTunes possibly fails with 4K sectors due to Bonjour and dnssd.dll ([[https://www.techpowerup.com/forums/threads/setting-4k-sector-size-on-nvme-ssds-does-performance-actually-change.289757/page-3#post-4981622|thread]])

  * See [[#sector_size]] to check or switch to available sector disk formats

===== nvme0 =====

  * :!: This is using LBA Format ''1'' for 4K sector size

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme0n1' && sync && sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme0' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='1' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme0n1' && sync</code>

<code>sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme0' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='1' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sync</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/nvme0n1'</code>

==== LBA 0 ====

  * :!: This is using LBA Format ''0'' for 512 sector size

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme0n1' && sync && sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme0' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='0' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

<code>sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme0' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='0' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sync</code>

===== nvme1 =====

  * :!: This is using LBA Format ''0''

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme1n1' && sync && sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme1' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='0' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/nvme1n1' && sync</code>

<code>sudo nvme format '/dev/nvme1' --force --namespace-id='1' --lbaf='0' --reset --ses='1' --pil='0' --pi='0' --ms='0' && sync</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/nvme1n1'</code>

===== sda =====

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sda' && sync && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sda' && sync</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sda' && sync</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sda' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sda' && sync</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/sda'</code>

===== sdb =====

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdb' && sync && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdb' && sync</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sync</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdb' && sync</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/sdb'</code>

===== sdc =====

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdc' && sync && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo rm -f '/sys/firmware/efi/efivars/'* || sync</code>

<code>sudo blkdiscard --force --verbose '/dev/sdc' && sync</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sync</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-set-pass 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sudo hdparm --user-master u --security-erase-enhanced 'x' '/dev/sdc' && sync</code>

<code>sudo wipefs --all --force '/dev/sdc'</code>

====== Sector Size ======

  * https://community.wd.com/t/sn550-why-it-uses-512b-sector-instead-of-4096/250724
  * https://filers.blogspot.com/2018/12/how-to-format-nvme-drive.html
  * https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Advanced_Format
  * https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/562571/switching-hdd-sector-size-to-4096-bytes
  * https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Advanced_Sector_Format_of_Block_Devices

===== NVMe =====

<code>sudo nvme id-ns '/dev/nvme0' --namespace-id='1' --human-readable</code>

<code>sudo smartctl --all '/dev/nvme0'</code>

===== sda =====

<code>sudo smartctl --all '/dev/sda1'</code>

<code>sudo hdparm --set-sector-size '4096' '/dev/sda'</code>