====== Information ======

  * WordPress ((https://wordpress.org))
  * [[Information:Realm of Espionage]]
  * https://blog.realmofespionage.xyz

===== Prerequisites =====

  * [[distros:fedora_server|Fedora Server]]
  * [[servers:mariadb|MariaDB]]
  * [[servers:nginx_php_php-fpm|nginx + PHP + PHP-FPM]]
  * [[servers:nginx:lets_encrypt|Let's Encrypt]]

===== Notes =====

  * :!: Do not initiate any updates from the Admin/wp-admin web page as this may cause local file changes and break [[#updater|the automatic update service]]

====== Dependencies ======

  * https://wordpress.org/about/requirements/
  * https://make.wordpress.org/hosting/handbook/server-environment/#php-extensions

  sudo dnf install php-mysqlnd php-xml php-pecl-igbinary php-imagick php-intl php-mbstring php-pecl-zip php-sodium php-bcmath php-gd php-process

====== Download Source ======

****

  sudo git clone --branch 'master' --depth '1' --recurse-submodules 'https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress.git' '/var/www/blog' && sudo semanage fcontext --add --type 'httpd_sys_rw_content_t' '/var/www/blog(/.*)?' && sudo restorecon -F -I -R '/var/www/blog' && sudo chown -R 'nginx':'nginx' '/var/www/blog' && sync

====== Database ======

  sudo mariadb

  CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'x';

  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

  EXIT

====== nginx + PHP-FPM Configuration ======

===== PHP-FPM Socket =====

  sudo -e '/etc/php-fpm.d/blog.conf' && sudo systemctl restart 'php-fpm'

<code>
[blog]

; User/Group
user = nginx
group = nginx

; Socket
listen = /run/php-fpm/blog.sock
listen.acl_users = nginx
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Process Management
pm = ondemand
pm.max_children = 4
pm.process_idle_timeout = 30

; Fedora php.ini Defaults
php_value[session.save_handler] = "files"
php_value[session.save_path] = "/var/lib/php/session"

; General
php_value[date.timezone] = "America/New_York"
php_value[max_execution_time] = "200"
php_value[memory_limit] = "512M"
php_value[post_max_size] = "10M"
php_value[upload_max_filesize] = "10M"
php_value[max_file_uploads] = "100"

; End</code>

<code>
php_value[upload_tmp_dir] = "/tmp"</code>

===== FastCGI =====

  sudo -e '/etc/nginx/default.d/blog.conf'

<code>
# PHP-FPM
location ~ \.(php|phar)(/.*)?$ {
    fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.(?:php|phar))(/.*)$;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    include fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/blog.sock;
}</code>

===== Server Block =====

  * 2023/09/12: CSPs disabled; TODO: Re-figure out CSPs

  sudo -e '/etc/nginx/vhosts.d/blog.conf' && sudo systemctl reload 'nginx' && sync

<code>
server {
    listen '443' 'ssl' 'http2';
    server_name 'blog.realmofespionage.xyz';
    root '/var/www/blog';
    index 'index.php';

    include '/etc/nginx/default.d/blog.conf';
    include '/etc/nginx/default.d/headers.conf';

    client_max_body_size '10M';

#    add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline'; font-src 'self' data:; img-src 'self' data: s.w.org" always;

#    access_log  /var/log/nginx/media-access.log;
#    error_log  /var/log/nginx/media-error.log;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
    }

    rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;

    location ~* ^.+\.(ogg|ogv|svg|svgz|eot|otf|woff|mp4|ttf|rss|atom|jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|ppt|tar|mid|midi|wav|bmp|rtf)$ {
          access_log off; log_not_found off; expires max;
    }
}</code>

====== Initial Setup ======

  * https://blog.realmofespionage.xyz

====== Settings ======

  * Date Format: Y/m/d

====== Services ======

===== Updater =====

==== Service ====

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-up.service'

<code>
[Service]
User=nginx
Group=nginx
Type=oneshot
ExecStart='/usr/bin/git' -C '/var/www/blog' pull origin 'master'
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'</code>

==== Timer ====

  * Every day at ''04:00:00''

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-up.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'blog-up.timer' --now && sudo systemctl start 'blog-up' && sudo systemctl status 'blog-up' -l

<code>
[Unit]
Description=WordPress Git Updater
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 04:00:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target</code>

===== Maintenance =====

==== Service ====

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-m.service'

<code>
[Service]
User=nginx
Group=nginx
Type=oneshot
ExecStart='/usr/bin/git' -C '/var/www/blog' gc --aggressive --prune='all'
ExecStart='/usr/bin/git' -C '/var/www/blog' fsck --full --strict
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'</code>

==== Timer ====

  * ''01'' day of every month at ''04:20:00'' ((8-)))

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-m.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'blog-m.timer' --now && sudo systemctl start 'blog-m' && sudo systemctl status 'blog-m' -l

<code>
[Unit]
Description=WordPress Maintenance
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-01 04:20:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target</code>

===== Backup =====

==== Files ====

=== Service ===

  mkdir -p ~/'backups' && sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-fb.service' && sudo sed -i 's/CHANGEME/'$USER'/g' '/etc/systemd/system/blog-fb.service'

<code>
[Service]
Type=oneshot
WorkingDirectory=/var/www
ExecStart='/usr/bin/bash' -c '"/usr/bin/tar" -czf "/home/CHANGEME/backups/wordpress-files-auto-"$$(date +%%Y-%%m-%%d)".tar.gz" "blog"'
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'</code>

=== Timer ===

  * ''01'' day of every month at ''04:35:00''

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-fb.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'blog-fb.timer' --now && sudo systemctl start 'blog-fb' && sudo systemctl status 'blog-fb' -l

<code>
[Unit]
Description=WordPress Files Backup

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-01 04:35:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target</code>

==== Database ====

=== Database Auth ===

  sudo mkdir -p '/var/lib/mysql/auth' && sudo -e '/var/lib/mysql/auth/wordpress' && sudo chown -R 'mysql':'mysql' '/var/lib/mysql/auth/wordpress' && sudo chmod '600' '/var/lib/mysql/auth/wordpress' && sync

<code>
[mariadb-dump]
user=wordpress
password=x</code>

=== Service ===

  mkdir -p ~/'backups' && sudo mkdir -p '/var/lib/mysql/tmp' && sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-db.service' && sudo sed -i 's/'CHANGEME'/'$USER'/g' '/etc/systemd/system/blog-db.service'

<code>
[Service]
Type=oneshot
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/mysql/tmp
ExecStartPre='/usr/bin/mariadb-dump' --defaults-extra-file='/var/lib/mysql/auth/wordpress' --single-transaction 'wordpress' -r '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/wordpress.sql'
ExecStart='/usr/bin/gzip' -f '/var/lib/mysql/tmp/wordpress.sql'
ExecStart='/usr/bin/bash' -c '"/usr/bin/mv" "/var/lib/mysql/tmp/wordpress.sql.gz" "/home/CHANGEME/backups/wordpress-database-auto-"$$(date +%%Y-%%m-%%d)".sql.gz"'
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'</code>

=== Timer ===

  * Every day at ''04:45:00''

  sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/blog-db.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'blog-db.timer' --now && sudo systemctl start 'blog-db' && sudo systemctl status 'blog-db' -l

<code>
[Unit]
Description=WordPress Database Backup
After=mariadb.service

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 04:45:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target</code>

====== Backup ======

  * Create backup archive on server and transfer to client computer

===== Server =====

==== Stop Services ====

****

  sudo systemctl stop nginx php-fpm

==== Backup Folder ====

****

  cd '/var/www' && sudo tar -cvzf ~/'wordpress-files-manual-'$(date +%Y-%m-%d)'.tar.gz' 'blog' && cd ~ && sync

==== Backup Database ====

****

  sudo mariadb-dump --defaults-extra-file='/var/lib/mysql/auth/wordpress' --single-transaction 'wordpress' -r ~/'wordpress-database-manual-'$(date +%Y-%m-%d)'.sql' && sync

==== Start Services ====

****

  sudo systemctl start nginx php-fpm

===== Client =====

==== Transfer Files To Client ====

****

  scp espionage724@192.168.1.152:~/'wordpress-files-'*'.tar.gz' espionage724@192.168.1.152:~/'wordpress-database-'*'.sql' ~/'Downloads' && sync

====== Restore ======

===== Client =====

==== Uncompress Database ====

  * This is only needed if restoring an **automated** database backup ((manual doesn't gzip))

  gunzip ~/'Downloads/wordpress-database-'*'.sql.gz'

==== Transfer Files To Server ====

****

  scp ~/'Downloads/wordpress-files-'*'.tar.gz' ~/'Downloads/wordpress-database-'*'.sql' espionage724@192.168.1.152:~

==== Remove Files ====

****

  rm -f ~/'Downloads/wordpress-files-'*'.tar.gz' ~/'Downloads/wordpress-database-'*'.sql' && sync

===== Server =====

==== Stop Services ====

****

  sudo systemctl stop nginx php-fpm

==== Remove Previous Folder ====

****

  sudo rm -Rf '/var/www/blog'

==== Restore WordPress Folder ====

****

  cd '/var/www' && sudo tar -xvzf ~/'wordpress-files-'*'.tar.gz' 'blog' && sudo chown -R 'nginx':'nginx' '/var/www/blog' && sudo semanage fcontext --add --type 'httpd_sys_rw_content_t' '/var/www/blog(/.*)?' && sudo restorecon -F -I -R '/var/www/blog' && cd ~ && sync

==== Drop Previous Database ====

  sudo mariadb

  DROP DATABASE wordpress;

  FLUSH TABLES;

  EXIT

==== Re-create Databases ====

  sudo mariadb

  CREATE DATABASE wordpress;

  EXIT

==== Restore Database ====

****

  sudo mariadb 'wordpress' < ~/'wordpress-database-'*'.sql' && sync

==== Reapply Permissions ====

  sudo mariadb

  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'x';

  FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

  EXIT

==== Start Services ====

****

  sudo systemctl start nginx php-fpm

==== Remove Backups ====

  * Verify that WordPress works before running

  rm ~/'wordpress-files-'*'.tar.gz' ~/'wordpress-database-'*'.sql' && sync