• Ubuntu Server
• https://ubuntu.com/server

• Alira = Dell Precision M6500 ¹⁾

25.10 (Questing Quokka)

• https://ubuntu.com/download/server
• https://releases.ubuntu.com/

ubuntu-25.10-live-server-amd64.iso

• Subnet: 192.168.1.0/24

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sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade -y && sudo apt autoremove -y && sudo apt clean && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sync

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sudo snap refresh && sync

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sudo fwupdmgr refresh --force && sudo fwupdmgr update --verbose && sync

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sudo apt install --install-recommends htop lm-sensors

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sudo sensors-detect --auto

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sudo timedatectl set-timezone 'America/New_York' && sudo timedatectl 'set-ntp' 'true' && timedatectl status

• Allows SSH on LAN
• See ufw for more notes

sudo ufw reset && sudo ufw default 'deny' && sudo ufw logging 'off' && sudo ufw allow from '192.168.1.0/24' to 'any' port '22' proto 'tcp' && sudo ufw enable && sudo systemctl enable 'ufw'

sudo ufw status

• More Kernel Parameters

• Notes

• GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= (not default)

sudo -e '/etc/default/grub' && sudo update-grub

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="x"

acpi_osi='Linux' reboot='pci' hibernate='no' preempt='full' iommu='pt' pci='pcie_bus_perf,realloc,pcie_scan_all,big_root_window' drm_kms_helper.poll='0' drm_kms_helper.fbdev_emulation='0' rootflags='data=writeback'

• 2025/12/24

Startup finished in 4.653s (kernel) + 8.128s (userspace) = 12.782s 
graphical.target reached after 8.127s in userspace.

systemd-analyze

sudo systemctl enable 'fstrim.timer' --now

sudo systemctl start 'fstrim' && sync && sudo systemctl status 'fstrim' -l

sudo fstrim -v -a

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sudo -e '/etc/fstab'

• / type ext4
• data=writeback requires it in GRUB too

,data=writeback,nobarrier

sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/ubuntu-up.service'

[Service]
Type=oneshot

ExecStartPre='/usr/bin/apt' autoremove -y

ExecStart='/usr/bin/apt' clean
ExecStart='/usr/bin/apt' update
ExecStart='/usr/bin/apt' full-upgrade -y

ExecStart='/usr/bin/snap' refresh

ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/journalctl' --vacuum-time='1s' --rotate
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/systemctl' daemon-reload
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/systemctl' reboot

# End

• Daily 06:00:00 AM (Alira)

sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/ubuntu-up.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'ubuntu-up.timer' --now

[Unit]
Description=Ubuntu OS Updater
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 06:00:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

# End

sudo systemctl start 'ubuntu-up'

• 2023/05/04: This hasn't been used for years and likely needs re-factored

• Expects a drive of some kind with a XFS partition at /dev/sdb1

sudo mkdir -p '/mnt/USB' && sudo -e '/etc/fstab'

# USB
/dev/sdb1 /mnt/USB xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota 0 2

sudo mount '/dev/sdb1'

sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/backup-external.service' && sudo sed -i 's/CHANGEME/'$USER'/g' '/etc/systemd/system/backup-external.service'

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStartPre='/usr/bin/sync'
ExecStart='/usr/bin/rsync' -r '/home/CHANGEME/backups' '/mnt/USB' --verbose --ignore-existing
ExecStartPost='/usr/bin/sync'

sudo -e '/etc/systemd/system/backup-external.timer' && sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable 'backup-external.timer' --now

[Unit]
Description=Backup Backups to External Device

[Timer]
OnCalendar=*-*-* 07:00:00
Persistent=true

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

• See misc